Vetnuus | Desember 2023 22 « BACK TO CONTENTS Table 4. Studies investigating physiotherapy, hydrotherapy and different physiotherapeutic modalities for treating canine osteoarthritis Type of therapeutic modality investigated Author and year Study type Groups Sample size Study length Outcome measures Conclusions Evidence level (Aragon & Budsberg 2005) Massage therapy Riley et al. (2021) Cross sectional study of current and retrospective cases Dogs with various musculoskeletal disorders 527 – Subjective measurements of pain and QOL Improvements in clinical outcomes in majority of dogs after massage therapy. Noncontrolled and un-blinded study IV Aquatic exercise (outdoor pool swimming) Nganvongpanit et al. (2014) Randomised prospective blinded clinical trial • OA with swimming • Non-OA with swimming • Non-OA without swimming 45 8 weeks Subjective clinical scoring Radiographs Serum biomarker analysis (hyaluronan and chondroitin sulphate WF6 epitope Reduced pain and lameness scores in OA dogs after swimming. Reduced serum CS-WF6 in OA dogs after swimming III Hydrotherapy (underwater treadmill), physiotherapy and photobiomodulation therapy de Oliveira Reusing et al. (2021) Randomised, prospective blinded clinical trial Dogs with hip dysplasia • Control • Laser therapy + physiotherapy • Hydrotherapy + physiotherapy • Both laser therapy, hydrotherapy and physiotherapy 32 2 months CMI: CBPI Objective: muscle depth on ultrasound, goniometry, thigh circumference Improved QOL scores in dogs receiving all treatment modalities compared to those receiving none or one. Thigh circumference increased in dogs receiving all treatments and decreased in those receiving none Hip extension improved in dogs receiving hydrotherapy II Photobiomodulation therapy Looney et al. (2018) Multicentre, randomised, blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial Dogs with elbow OA receiving either • PBMT(LLLT) • Sham light therapy 20 6 weeks Subjective: lameness score CMI: HCPI Improved lameness and pain outcomes in PBMT group compared to sham group II Barale et al. (2020) Retrospective report Dogs with OA undergoing LLLT 17 6 weeks Subjective: VAS CMI: CBPI, CSCPS CBPI and VAS significantly reduced over treatment period compared to pre-treatment levels IV Barale et al. (2022) Prospective clinical study Dogs with stifle or knee OA undergoing LLLT 23 6 weeks CMIs: LOAD, CBPI Objective: accelerometery Significant improvement in daily step count and number of daily activities with LLLT III Current evidence for non-pharmaceutical, non-surgical treatments of canine osteoarthritis <<< 21
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