Vetnuus | January 2025 21 product contained only 22% of the labelled PPS concentration, while others ranged from 52% to 92% of the labelled potency. Veterinarians, horse and dog owners should therefore prioritize using medications of which the final potency of the finished product is at least 90% of the labelled quantity of the active ingredient. By doing so, they can provide more effective and safer treatments for osteoarthritis, ultimately enhancing the well-being and performance of affected animals. The author has used PPS compounded by V-Tech South Africa in the past and has been satisfied with the clinical response. This compounding pharmacy is also able to provide assay results from each batch produced. Conclusion PPS acts by improving joint lubrication, reducing inflammation and bone bruising, and stimulating cartilage repair mechanisms—each a critical battlefield in the war against OA. In the ever-evolving landscape of osteoarthritis treatment, PPS is emerging as a management tool that has both positive structural and biochemical effects on the OA joint. References 1. Elliot, S.; Zorn, B.H.; McLeod, D.G.; Moul, J.W.; Nyberg, L.; Striker, L.J.; Striker, G.E. Pentosan polysulfate decreases prostate smooth muscle proliferation and extracellular matrix turnover. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2003, 6, 138–142. 2. Elmesiry AM.; Seleim MA.; Mansour AA. Pentosan Polysulfate as a Disease Modifier of Cartilage Degeneration in Experimental Osteoarthritis. Journal of Arthritis. 2016, (5) 3. 3. Francis, D.; Hutadilok, N.; Kongtawelert, P.; Ghosh, P. Pentosan polysulphate and glycosaminoglycan polysulphate stimulate the synthesis of hyaluronan in vivo. Rheumatol. Int. 1993, 13, 61–64. 4. Goldschlager T, Ghosh P, Zannettino A, Gronthos S, Rosenfeld JV, et al. (2010) Cervical motion preservation using mesenchymal progenitor cells and pentosan polysulfate, a novel chondrogenic agent: preliminary study in an ovine model. Neurosurg Focus 28: E4. 5. Innes JF, Barr AR, Sharif M (2000) Efficacy of oral calcium pentosan polysulphate for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the canine stifle joint secondary to cranial cruciate ligament deficiency. Vet Rec 146: 433-437. 6. Liu, X.; Virk, S.; Federova, T.; Oo, W.M.; Hunter, D.J. The effect of pentosan polysulfate sodium for improving dyslipidaemia and knee pain in people with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study. Osteoarthr. Cartil. Open. 2023, 10030343. 7. McIlwraith C. Wayne.; Frisbie David D.; Kawcak Christopher E. Evaluation of intramuscularly administered sodium pentosan polysulfate for treatment of experimentally induced osteoarthritis in horses. AJVR. 2012 (73) 5, 628-633. 8. Nickel, J.; Barkin, J.; Forrest, J.; Mosbaugh, P.G.; Hernandez-Graulau, J.; Kaufman, D.; Lloyd, K.; Evans, R.J.; Parsons, C.L.; Atkinson, L.E.; et al. Randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study of pentosan polysulfate sodium for interstitial cystitis. Urology 2005, 65, 654–658. 9. Read RA, Cullis-Hill D, Jones MP (1996) Systemic use of pentosan polysulphate in the treatment of osteoarthritis. J Small Anim Pract 37: 108-114. 10. Smith, M.; Hayes, A.J.; Melrose, J. Pentosan Polysulfate, a Semisynthetic Heparinoid Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritic Drug with Roles in Intervertebral Disc Repair Biology Emulating the Stem Cell Instructive and Tissue Reparative Properties of Heparan Sulfate. Stem. Cells Dev. 2022, 31, 406–430. 11. Stanley SD.; Fawkes NS., Knych N. The Potency of Commercially Sourced Sodium Pentosan Polysulfate Obtained from Compounding Pharmacies. SSRN, papers.ssrn.com. 12. Stapledon, C.; Tsangari, H.; Solomon, L.B.; Campbell, D.G.; Hurtado, P.; Krishnan, R.; Atkins, G.J. Human osteocyte expression of Nerve Growth Factor: The effect of Pentosan Polysulphate Sodium (PPS) and implications for pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. PLoS ONE 2019, 14. 13. Vinazzer, H. Effect of pentosan polysulfate on fibrinolysis: Basic tests and clinical application. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 1991, 17, 375–378. v We compound veterinary medicines www.v-tech.co.za / Tel: +27 87 150 5925 (SA) Article
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