Vetnuus | June 2024 13 Events I WVAC 2024 A systematic approach to health & production in large commercial cattle feedlots in South Africa - Part 2 Dirk J Verwoerd Karan Beef, Heidelberg, South Africa This presentation follows the theme and context of the first part, emphasizing the production animal veterinarian’s role as Health Risk Manager. Statistical Process Control: Signal vs Noise & Priority Management: All populations experience mortality, that is regarded as normal background “noise”. The early detection of any unusual mortality clusters in space and time is crucial to the successful implementation of corrective measures, particularly regarding dependant syndromes. The magnitude of these deviations triggers standard investigative procedures or emergency interventions. Daily mortality and morbidity are immediately investigated in the affected home pens following a Priority Management approach. Mortality Investigation: Accident Trajectory Model: Major mortality or morbidity events are rare and seldom the result of a single isolated mistake. Unravelling the multiple interrelated incidents that eventually lead to major disasters such as aeroplane crashes has resulted in the development of the Accident Trajectory Model that highlights their causal relationships as well as pinpoints critical control/prevention points. This model is used as an investigative paradigm to identify System Error or Operator Error and initiate corrective and preventative programs. Abattoir Lesion Scoring: Carcass information is correlated to standardized lung, heart, liver & rumen lesion scoring templates as well as epidemiological data. This information supports informed appropriate adjustments to management procedures, nutritional strategies, disease prevention, detection, and treatment protocols as well as their correct execution. Management of pre-feedlot calves to improve resilience to bacterial pneumonia Getruida Rudél Zowitsky Afrivet Technical and Training Services, Pretoria, South Africa Pneumonic mannheimiosis is primarily a management disease. The interaction of the pathogen, environment and animal host has been well described in literature and should be well understood to adapt management systems. In healthy calves, lung clearance of inhaled Mannheimia haemolytica is highly efficient and the focus must be on keeping them healthy. There is an opportunity in both the cow-calf system and the feedlot (purchase consultant) for veterinarians to get involved. The aim of this literature review is to reiterate the veterinarian’s role in calf management in the feedlot system. Veterinary guidance is of great importance in all the key management risk factors highlighted by literature. (1) Failure of passive transfer needs to be diagnosed and causes addressed,(2) appropriate vaccine selection and correct administration to avoid co-infection with viruses and preventing applicable bacteria,(3) scheduling, for optimal immunisation, needs to be assessed and recommended,(4) early diagnosis and targeted use of antibiotics performed, (5) biosecurity implemented or regularly reviewed to limit pathogen exposure, (6) preconditioning involving strategic supplementation program including guidance on pre-wean concentrate selection supplied, (7) known causes of stress to be identified and addressed throughout this period, (8) parasite control program along with any painful procedure (e.g., castration and disbudding) set up early on the origin farm, (9) weaning to be scheduled 30-60 days prior to movement, (10) avoid repeated or prolonged transport and comingling, by direct movement from the origin to the feedlot, (11) if needed at the feedlot, metaphylactic antibiotic use is implemented where appropriate. In conclusion, veterinarians play a crucial role in the improvement of resilience to M. haemolytica in feedlot calves by optimising husbandry practices on the farm of origin, during transport and at the feedlot. The rangeland microbiome and its benefits to ruminant productivity and health Louis G du Pisani Specialist Consultant, Bethlehem, South Africa The grassland microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms inhabiting the root zone of grasslands. It plays a pivotal role in nutrient cycling, soil health, and carbon sequestration, contributing to sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation. Additionally, this diverse microbiome enhances plant growth, resilience, and biodiversity, making it a vital component in maintaining the health and productivity of grassland ecosystems. The rangeland microbiome confers significant advantages to both plant and animal health. It enhances plant nutrient uptake, promoting robust growth and increased forage quality, crucial for herbivores. Additionally, these microorganisms aid in maintaining soil stability, reducing erosion, and improving water retention. In turn, healthier vegetation supports a more diverse and nutritious diet for grazing animals, contributing to their overall well-being. The rangeland microbiome not only fosters healthy plant growth but also sustains thriving ecosystems, benefiting animal health and the overall sustainability of these landscapes. Understanding and harnessing the potential of the grassland microbiome holds promise for improving land management practices and advancing animal health and welfare. v 24-Hour Toll-Free Helpline: 0800 21 21 21
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