VN April 2023

Vetnuus | April 2023 32 In line with this month's focus on exotic animals as pets, it is appropriate to look at some legal aspects that veterinarians must take note of when these patients are presented to them. Although there are numerous ethical issues to consider surrounding the treatment of exotic pets, this article will not deal with any ethical issues. Nature Conservation Legislation The keeping and transport of some exotic species are regulated by legislation. Unfortunately, nature conservation legislation is very complex, and it is beyond the scope of this article to set out the details here. Each province also has its own provincial environmental legislation that substantially differs from the other. One of the differences is that permits are required to keep certain exotic species in some provinces but not others. The issuing and monitoring of permits also differ. Therefore, you should find out from the relevant authorities what is required in the province in which you work and for the species involved if you must ever transport or keep exotic pets. An important fact to take note of is the definition of "alien species" as set out under The National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004 ("NEMBA"). It defines "alien species" as a species that is not indigenous or an indigenous species that is placed outside of its natural distribution range. Several species of mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, and amphibians are listed as invasive species under NEMBA. Depending on which category they are placed in, they must either be eradicated, controlled, or restricted. The main aim of the South African nature conservation legislation is to protect our environment and indigenous animals. This means that there are often gaps regarding the protection of non-indigenous species. What if the Veterinarian is not comfortable treating an exotic pet patient? The number of exotic pets and species of animals kept as exotic pets has increased substantially over the past decades. It is not inconceivable that even the most experienced exotic animal veterinarian might be presented with a species that she has never dealt with before. But what should a veterinarian do when a species of animal she has never examined or treated before is presented to her? Can a veterinarian refuse to accept the patient? To answer this, we must look at the Rules Relating to the Practicing of the Veterinary Professions ("the Rules") published in terms of the Veterinary and Para-Veterinary Professions Act, No. 19 of 1982. The Code of Conduct and Practice for Veterinarians ("the Code of Conduct") issued by the South African Veterinary Council ("SAVC") provides further guidance in this regard. Legal Mews LEGAL ASPECTSVETERINARIANS SHOULDCONSIDER WHENTREATINGEXOTIC PETS Dr Trudie Prinsloo, Legalvet Services; E-mail: trudie@legalvetservices.co.za This article is intended to provide information and educate veterinarians on relevant aspects of the law. It is not intended as personal legal advice. SAVA is not responsible or liable for any advice or other information provided herein.